Trauma accounts for major losses of the workforce due to the associated morbidity and mortality. It is estimated that by the year 2020, 8.1 million people will die yearly as a result of injuries, and road traffic accidents (RTA) will be the third-most common cause of disabilities globally and the second-most common cause in developing countries. Trauma is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in younger populations worldwide. In the univariate analysis, the following were significantly associated with mortality: associated extra-abdominal injury (odds ratio (OR): 4.9 P-value 6 h from injury to admission (OR: 4.4 P-value 6 h from injury to admission (15 patients 19.2% aOR: 4.3, 95% CI: 1.0–18.9, P-value 6 h from injury to admission significantly predicted mortality. Post-operative complications were observed in 57 patients (41.9%), and the mortality rate was 18 patients (13.2%). Most patients (89 65.4%) had associated extra-abdominal injuries. Commonly injured organs in blunt and penetrating injuries were, respectively, the spleen (33 patients 91.7%) and small bowel (12 patients 46.1%). The most common cause of injury was road traffic accidents (RTAs 73 patients 53.7%). A majority (99 patients 72.8%) had blunt abdominal injury, with a blunt-to-penetrating ratio of 2.7:1. The most affected patients were in the age range of 21–40 years old, which accounted for 67 patients (49.3%), with a median age (IQR) of 31.5 (21.3–44.8) years. Out of 136 patients, 115 (84.6%) were male, with a male-to-female ratio of 5.5:1. Multivariate logistic regression was used to explore the association between factors associated with morbidity and mortality. The outcomes were post-operative complications and mortality. We assessed injury types, patterns, aetiologies and outcomes within 30 days. A case was defined as a trauma patient with abdominal injuries admitted to the general surgery department and undergoing an operation. MethodsĪ prospective observational study was performed over a period of 1 year from August 2016 to August 2017. This study aimed to determine the relationships among the causes, characteristics, patterns and outcomes of abdominal injury patients undergoing operations at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre. Abdominal injury surgeries are common in Tanzania and in many parts of the world. The abdomen is one of the most commonly injured regions in trauma patients.
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